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state bank
A state bank is generally a financial institution that is chartered by a state. It differs from a reserve bank in that it does not necessarily control monetary policy (indeed, the state in question may have no legal capacity to create monetary policy), but instead usually offers only retail and commercial services.
A state bank that has been in operation for five years or less is called a ''de novo'' bank.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=De Novo Banks )〕
==United States==
In the United States the term "state chartered bank" or "state chartered savings bank" is used in contradistinction to "national bank" or "federal savings bank", which are technically chartered across all US states. All national banks and savings institutions are chartered and regulated by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. State banks are chartered and regulated by a state agency (often called the Department of Financial Institutions) in the state in which its headquarters are located. In addition, state banks that are members of the Federal Reserve are regulated by the Federal Reserve; state banks that are not members of the Federal Reserve are regulated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). Therefore, virtually every state chartered bank has both a state and federal regulator. There are a very small number of state banks that do not have FDIC insurance.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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